A Study of Correlation Between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment of Tribal and Non-tribal College Students

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. Locus of Control is the Factor of personality. Psychological Adjustment is the factor of success life. It is important to study whether there is any relation between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. The sample for the study comprised of 300 Tribal and 300 Non-Tribal college students from South Gujarat region. Tribal and Non-Tribal college students were selected from various faculties Arts, Commerce and Science college at South Gujarat. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale and Psychological Adjustment Scale was used to collect the required primary data. To analysis data ‘r’ Karl Pearson Correlation method was used. Analyzed data presents 0.08 correlation among Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. Result reveals that there is positive correlation has been found between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. This correlation is very low, it is 0.08, means as per the division of correlation it comes under 0.00 to 0.20 is define low correlation between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. The correlation found positive among them. If person has good Locus of Control then his Psychological Adjustment also good. Those psychologically well adjusted their Locus of Control power also well.


Introduction
The current age is the global scientific era and every one talk and evaluate with the scientific knowledge. We find in each and every field so many researches. Research gives beautiful and sophisticated life for the human being and Psychology subject is the subject of the human being. So researches done on the psychology subject is the too much helpful to the society. My research is on the correlation between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment among the Tribal and Non-Tribal college students.
When you are dealing with challenges in your life, do you feel that you have control over the outcomes? Or do you believe that you are simply at the hands of outside forces? If you believe that you have control over what happens, then you have what psychologists refer to the same as an internal locus of control. If you believe that you have no control over what happens and that external variables are to blame, then you have what is known as locus of control.
"The concept of locus of control refers to a generalized belief that a person can or cannot control his or her own destiny" Rotter, 1966 [1].
Research says about the Locus of Control Investment decisions also appeared to be linked to individual's locus of control. In particular, Coleman and Deleire (2003) [2] conclude that locus of control affects education decisions mainly by influencing teenager's expectations regarding the return to human capital investments. Cebi (2007) [3] however, 57 Jayesh Gavit and Pankaj Suvera: A Study of Correlation Between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment of Tribal and Non-tribal College Students is not able to replicate these results using a different data set once cognitive ability is controlled for. Still, the potential link between individual locus of control and their human capital investments raises questions about the extent to which locus of control affects wages directly via productivity versus indirectly through skills acquisition. Piatek and Pinger (2010) [4] "Happiness comes from… some curious adjustment to life." Hugh Walpole You may have heard someone say that "somebody just doesn't adjust to situation" or "somebody facing problem in adjustment". Adjustment is a necessary characteristic to be able to live peacefully in this world. Adjustment problem starts right from the birth and continues till death, various situations arise at home, School, college, and workplace where we need to give up a little of our demands and accept what is present. Adjustment is the process of arriving at a balanced state between the need of individual and their satisfaction. Home and school play pivotal role in the adjustment of an individual.
How do people cope with the psychological challenges of daily living? How can students learn to recognize adjustment issues in their lives and to appropriately apply psychological concepts to them? Will their understanding lead to better coping and even behavior change? Recognition and application of psychological constructs are at the heart of the Psychology of Adjustment course, which can serve as a solid applied offering within the undergraduate curriculum. Because of the intuitive appeal of applied psychology, this course offers the perfect opportunity to engage students through course content. It is necessary college student to good psychological adjustment for academic success and the academic success is related with their future life success. So it is important to research on the Psychological Adjustment of the college students. Because the college students are the fruits and pillars of the society and they must be well adjusted.
Broadly defined, adjustment refers to the psychological processes through which human beings manage or cope with the demands, challenges, and frustrations of everyday life. Although the Psychology of Adjustment course covers some of the same topics that are associated with Introductory.
In the words of Coleman, James C. [5], "Adjustment is the outcome of the individual's attempts to deal with the stress and meet his needs: also his efforts to maintain harmonious relationships with the environment." Thus, the psychological adjustment is the necessary process of the human being to live. Each and every person thinks about the better and lovely life but it is not easy because the so many factors affect to the human being, as we see to the college student, types of faculty, college environment, gender, professors, academic year, family, economy, society ect many situations and problems effects to the college students and these all factors effecting to their Psychological Adjustment and Psychological Adjustment effect to their successful life. Therefore this research carried on about the Psychological Adjustment of the college students.

Objectives of the Research
The objectives of research are centered on the research problem. The objectives decided for the present research are as follow.
a) To study the Locus of Control of the Tribal and Non-Tribal College students. b) To study the Psychological Adjustment among the tribal and non-tribal college students. c) To Study the correlation between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment.

Hypothesis of the Research
There is no relation between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment of the college students.

Sample of the Research
This study was conducted in South Gujarat region and the subjects were selected from this area. The subjects were representatives of the Arts, Commerce and Science college students. The total number of subjects selected 600 as a sample from the universe by the simple random access method. The participants are selected as a sample of convenience from the following groups: to represent the Types of Student Tribal (300) and Non-Tribal (300), to represent the 150 are Maleand 150 are Female, to represent the Types of Faculty 50 from Arts, 50 from commerce and 50 from Science students were selected from the different colleges. Sample selection process was done by the probable method of simple random access method.

Tools Used of the Research
The following tools were used in the present study:

Personal Data Sheet
A personal data sheet developed by the investigator was used to collect information about Types of Students, Gender and Types of Faculty.

Locus of Control Scale
This Scale was developed by Rotter's (1966) [6] Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. This scale was translated by Bhogayata (1985). This Scale measure the Locus of Control of High Educational Students. In this Scale there are total 28 items. In this scale there are given two options in each item to give answer as "A" or "B", by checking (√) the box. In 1983-84 in Bhavnagar District 1000 students were given this Gujarati translated test for find out reliability. Retest reliability of this scale is 0.70 and Test-retest reliability is 0.

Psychological Adjustment Scale
This scale has been developed by Bell (1905) [7] Gujarati translation done by Batt (1994) was used to measure Psychological Adjustment. This scale consists 160 items. For the details of the Scale of Psychological Adjustment the subject has to give his consent four of the three alternatives by doing the sign (√) of true. In this alternative, there are three things yes, intensive, No. For 'No' response '1' score is given, for 'Yes' response '2' score is given and for 'Intensive' response '0' score is given. Scoring pattern shows the more score indicates less Psychological Adjustment of the maladjustment. The low score in the scale indicates good psychological adjustment.
The Reliability Score of Psychological Adjustment scale comes to 0.85, derived by the split half method, obtained from the sample of 320 students. The researcher of the present research has found out the reliability score as 0.89, by using split-half technique on the sample of 50 students.

Statistical Analysis of the Research
In this study 'r' Karl Pearson Correlation method was used.

Procedure of Research Work
The aim and object of present study is to find out the relationship between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment of tribal and non-tribal students. Data was received according to objects of study from students studying in Arts, Commerce and Science colleges of South Gujarat. Data was collected from college students after getting permission from relevant principal. Regarding total number of tribal and non-tribal, Gender and Types of Faculty of college students, randomly numbers was selected and test was given to them. Data was collected as per the research purpose and the subject were selected as per the representative of Tribal and Non-tribal, Male and Female and Arts, Commerce and science faculty of the college students, total number of 600 sample.

Result
Correlation between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment.
To study about relationship between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment, 'r' Karl Pearson Correlation method was used. The details are given in table 1 as below.
The Correlation between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. To discriminate the relationship between the Locus of Control and the Psychological Adjustment of the college students, null hypothesis was framed.
HO: There is no relation between the Locus of control and psychological adjustment of the college students.
According to the table 1 the calculated 'r' between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment is ('r') 0.08, which is indicate positive relationship among them. But the relationship found is extremely less because 'r' is less than the 0.20, which define below 0.20 'r' indicate extremely less. As per this statistics null hypothesis no.1 is rejected. The observed relationship is positive; it means one factor increased then other factor also increased and one factor decrease then another factor also decreased. The interpretation of the relation is Locus of Control is increased then Psychological Adjustment also increased in college students. Also the figure 1 clearly presents the significant positive correlation between the Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment of the college student.

Discussion
In this research I found that the correlation between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment is 0.08 which is not significant. In this study we can say that no matter what kind of your Psychological Adjustment, it does not affect your decision making to Locus of Control. Because Psychological Adjustment is the part of life and Locus of Control is the kind of personality trait.
Madhu Jain, Suyesha Singh (March, 2018) [8] Studied on the Relationship between Internal-External Locus of control and Adjustment among adolescent female. They found pervasive relationship between Locus of Control and Adjustment among Adolescent females. However this result is different from my result. It can because my study on college students and this study on Adolescent females so the different results we found.

Conclusion
There is positive correlation has been found between Locus of Control and Psychological Adjustment. Means if Locus of Control is increased then Psychological Adjustment also increased in college students. In this study we can say that no matter what kind of your lifestyle, it does not affect your decision making Locus of Control. Because lifestyle is the kind of trend of living and Locus of Control is the kind of personality trait.