The Behavior of Stage House Inhabitant Towards the Provision of Safe Drainage to the Environment in Soppeng District

The aim of this research was to study the behavior of stage house inhabitants towards the provision of safe drainage to the environment in Soppeng District and also to understand the influence of some environmental factors on them, both individually and collectively. For the purpose, Marioriwawo, Lilirilau, and Marioriawa Sub-districts were selected by random respondents while 50 family heads (FH) were selected in each sub-district using purposive respondents method. Therefore, 150 family heads constituted the respondents size. Behavior towards the provision of safe drainage to the environment was the dependent variable while the independent include environmental knowledge, conservation, as well as attitudes and motivation to maintain the environment. Descriptive and inferential statistical were used in analyzing the results through simple and multiple regressions. The results of the study showed that the behavior of the stage house inhabitants towards the provision of safe drainage to the environment in Soppeng District is moderate and needs improvement. It also found that the environmental factors stated above are moderate and, individually and collectively influences the behavior of the inhabitants.


Introduction
Law No. 32 is concerned with the protection and management of environment [1] by ensuring that there are systematic and integrated efforts toward its preservation through proper planning, utilization, control, maintenance, supervision, and law enforcement. Emil Salim, points out that development is a continuous process with an impact on both the population and environment, therefore, it is necessary to harmonize these two in order to create conducive conditions for the sustainable process [2] Hunggerfort, H. R, & Volk, T. L, state that responsible environmental behavior is determined by many factors such as personality, knowledge of issues and other situational ones [3]. Similarly, Martin and Pear in Tukiyat reveal that behavior is a result of the continuous actions of an individual based on situations [4].
Furthermore, Adnil and Notoatmodjo basically argue that behavior is a human activity that can be observed, both directly or indirectly, through their actions, thoughts, and feelings [5]. Rambo, points out that human behavior is mostly determined by their natural habitat [6]. This theory is popularly known as Environmental Determinism and it considers that all aspects of culture and human behavior are caused directly by environmental influences. Sarwono, states that human nature has the ability to learn from experience and that this is the reason their behavior changes with the environment [7]. Notoatmodjo and Suriasumantri, reveal that knowledge comes as a result of 'knowing' through the sensing of a particular object [8]. Furthermore, they observed that it has to do with special and general memories of various methods and processes or patterns, structures or conditions. It can also be classified into the knowledge of specific matters including terms and facts; dealing with specific problems such as habits, attitudes, classifications, and categories; and universal Safe Drainage to the Environment in Soppeng District rules including principles, theories, and structures.
However, Bloom and Kratwohl in Rusman as quoted by Rahmat, classify knowledge to be a cognitive domain with six thinking aspects which include knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation [9].
According to Achmadi, an environment is the unity of space where all objects, power, circumstances, and living things affect their continuity of life and welfare [10]. Adnani, divides the environment into 3 parts and these include biological in the form of food and disease source; physical which has to do with soil, air, climate, water, and other basic human needs, and social through the economic system, traditional community organizations and various human services [11]. According to Frytxell & Lo environmental knowledge in the form of knowledge that contains reality, concepts, and interactions with the natural environment and the whole ecosystem [12].
In Law No. 32 concerning protection and management of the environment, Chapter 1 article 1 point 18 states that conservation of natural resources has to do with its management to ensure its efficient utilization and sustainability while maintaining and improving the quality of its values and diversity [1]. Tisdale and Arsyad also reveal that it involves the use of the biosphere to produce greater profits for the current generation while maintaining its potential for future generations [13].
Chave and Scornd and Backman cited by Azwar define attitudes to be certain consistencies in terms of feelings, thoughts and predisposing one's actions towards an environmental object [14]. Linggasari shows that attitudes consist of various levels: accepting, responding, appreciating, and taking responsibility for everything that has been chosen [15]. Holhan in Ojedokun explains that environmental attitudes are people's feelings to accept or reject some characteristics or issues related to the physical environment [16].
At the same time, Azwar reveals that attitudes consist of 3 components including the cognitive which involves a person's beliefs about what is valid and true; affective which has to do with one's emotional problems; and conative which shows a person's tendency to behave towards an object [14].
Soewarno defines motivation to be the urge of an individual or human to carry out an action for the purpose of achieving a goal [17]. Djamarah and Taufik show that it can be divided into intrinsic which involves a drive from within and extrinsic which can be seen as active motives because of the presence of stimulants from the outside [18].
Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research on the factors that influence the behavior of stage house inhabitants in providing safe drainage to the environment. This involved examining the behavior of inhabitants towards the provision of safe drainage, understanding the impact of environmental factors such as environmental knowledge, environmental conservation knowledge, motivation and attitudes towards the environment as well as their individual and joint influence on the stage house inhabitants of Soppeng District.

Research Methods
i. The study made use of a correlational method. Three sample districts including Marioriwawo, Lilirilau, and Marioriawa were selected using a random sampling method and the population consisted of low to middleincome family heads (FH). Purposive sampling was used to select 50 of them from each sub-district and this made the total respondent for the research to be 150 FHs. ii. The dependent variable (Y) was community behavior in providing healthy housing drainage while the independent variables were environmental knowledge (X 1 ); environmental conservation knowledge (X 2 ); attitude towards the environment (X 3 ); and motivation to maintain the environment (X 4 ). iii. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to determine the average, maximum, minimum, frequency distribution, standard deviation, and histogram of each variable while inferential statistical analysis was used to determine the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The analysis models used were simple and multiple regressions.

Behavior of the Community (Y)
To find out the description of the behavior of the community providing drainage on a stilt house that is safe for the environment, out of the 8 observations observed, the following are the results of descriptive statistical analysis (frequency distribution) shown in table 1. Based on statistical analysis, Table 1 can be understood that there are no respondents who have very low and very high behavior. As many as 22.00% who have low behavior, as many as 56.00% who have moderate behavior and as many as 22.00% who have high behaviors provide drainage on stage houses that are safe for the environment. To find out the category of behavior of the community providing drainage on a stilt house that is safe for the environment in Soppeng District, the following are the results of descriptive statistical analysis in Table 2. The data obtained from 8 questions showed that the variable has an average value of 25.12 with the maximum at 33 and minimum at 17. When associated with frequency distribution, it means that it is in the medium category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the behavior of the community to provide safe drainage in a stage house to the environment in Soppeng Regency is moderate and calls for improvement. The data obtained from 10 questions showed that the variable has an average value of 5.76 with the maximum at 8 and minimum at 3. If it is associated with the frequency distribution, the value is in the medium category. Therefore, it can be concluded that environmental knowledge is moderate and calls for improvement. The data obtained from 10 questions showed that the variable has an average value of 5.74 with the maximum at 8 and minimum at 3. The value is on the medium category on the frequency distribution. Therefore, it can be concluded that the knowledge of community environmental conservation in the stage houses of Soppeng Regency is moderate and needs to be improved. The data gotten from the analysis of the 10 items of statements for this variable revealed that the average value was 31.20 at a maximum of 36 and a minimum of 20. If this is associated with frequency distribution, it is in the medium category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the attitude of stage house inhabitants towards the Soppeng Regency environment is in the positive tendency transition category. Therefore, it needs to be improved. The data gotten from the analysis of the 10 items of statements for this variable showed that the average value was 31.52 at a maximum of 38 and a minimum of 20. If this is associated with frequency distribution, it is also in the medium category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the motivation to maintain the environment is moderate and Safe Drainage to the Environment in Soppeng District needs to be improved.

Effect of X 1 on Y
To find out the effect of X 1 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Anova Table) in Table 7. The results of the analysis in Table 7 show that Significant F = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 1 has an effect on Y. To determine the magnitude of the effect of X 1 on Y, the following results are shown in a simple regression analysis (Model Summary) in Table 8. The results of the analysis in Table 8 show that R Square = 0.832. This figure shows that the magnitude of the effect of X 1 on Y = 83.20%. There are other variables of 16.80% which are not included in the analysis model. To find out whether X1 contributes to Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Coefficients) in Table 9. The results of the analysis in Table 9 look significant t = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 1 contributes to Y. B = 3.010, this number shows that the amount of contribution X 1 to Y = 3.010. Thus when X 1 is increased by one part, Y increases by 3.010.

Effect of X 2 on Y
To find out the effect of X 2 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Anova Table) in Table 10. The results of the analysis in Table 10 show that Significant F = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 2 has an effect on Y. To find out the magnitude of the effect of X 2 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Model Summary) in Table 11. The results of the analysis in Table 11 show that R Square = 0.808. This figure shows that the magnitude of the effect of X 2 on Y = 80.80%. There are other variables of 19.20% which are not included in the analysis model. To find out whether X 2 contributes to Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Coefficients) in Table 12. The results of the analysis in Table 12. Seen Significantly t = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 2 contributes to Y. B = 2.904, this number shows that the contribution of X 2 to Y = 2.904. Thus, when X 2 is increased by one part, Y increases by 2.904.

Effect of X 3 on Y
To find out the effect of X 3 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Anova Table) in Table 13. The results of the analysis in Table 13 show that Significant F = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 3 has an effect on Y. To find out the magnitude of the effect of X 3 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Model Summary) in Table 14. The results of the analysis in Table 14 show that R Square = 0.806. This figure shows that the magnitude of the effect of X 3 on Y = 80.60%. There is another variable of 19.40% which was not included in the analysis model. To find out whether X 3 contributes to Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Coefficients) in Table 15. The results of the analysis in Table 15. Seen Significantly t = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means X 3 contributes to Y. B = 0.838, this figure shows that the amount of contribution X 3 to Y = 0.838. Thus, if X 3 is increased by one part, Y increases by 0.838.

Effect of X 4 against Y
To find out the effect of X 4 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Anova Table) in Table 16. The results of the analysis in Table 16 show that Significant F = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 4 has an effect on Y. To find out the magnitude of the effect of X 4 on Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Model Summary) in Table 17. The results of the analysis in Table 17 show that R Square = 0.865. This figure shows that the magnitude of the effect of X 4 on Y = 86.50%. There are other variables of 13.50% which are not included in the analysis model. To find out whether X 4 contributes to Y, the following are the results of a simple regression analysis (Coefficients) in Table 18. The results of the analysis in Table 18. Seen Significantly t = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 4 contributes to Y. B = 0.795, this figure shows that the amount of contribution X 4 to Y = 0.795. Thus, if X 4 is increased by one part, Y increases by 0.795.

Joint Effects of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 on Y
To find out the effect of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 together on Y, the following are the results of multiple regression analysis (Anova Table) in Table 19. From Table 19 it can be seen that Significant F = 0,000 < α = 0.05. This means that X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 together have an effect on Y. To find out the effect of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 together influence Y, the following are the results of multiple regression analysis (model summary) in Table 20. Based on Table 20 it can be seen that the coefficient of determination (R Square) = 0.926. This figure shows that the magnitude of the influence of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 together has an effect on Y is 92.60%. To find out whether X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 contribute significantly to Y, the following are the results of multiple regression analysis (coefficients) in Table 21. The results of regression analysis conducted on X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 double X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 on Y using ANOVA Table  showed that it has a significant value of F = 0,000 which is smaller than Alpha = 0.05. This shows that X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 have a joint effect on Y. The coefficient of determination (R Square) was found to be 0.962 and this means that the magnitude of the joint influence of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 on Y is 96.20%. The joint contribution of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 is equal to = 7.547. In other words, if X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 are increased by one part, Y will increase by 7.547.

Discussion
Based on the results of this study, it was found that the behavior of the community to provide drainage around their homes was in the moderate category. The results of this study, together with the results of a study conducted by Mithen, to determine the behavior of the community in maintaining a residential environment in the Mamasa river basin, which is in the medium category [19]. Likewise, the results of the Hafid study, which examined the behavior of people in the city of Makassar to maintain the environment, especially green open spaces and the results were in the medium category [20]. Of the three research results in three different regions on Sulawesi Island, the results were the same.
Therefore, from the analysis above, it can be discovered that there is a need for improvement of the behavior of inhabitants of stage houses in Soppeng Regency. This can be initiated by increasing their knowledge on the conservation of the environment through training and counseling.
They must also be motivated to maintain the environment and change their attitudes towards it through the provision of a model of a healthy environment as well as in helping them to apply the knowledge in their community.

Conclusion
It can be concluded that the behavior of inhabitants of Soppeng Regency towards the environment is moderate and calls for improvement. It can also be concluded that environment factors such as environmental knowledge, environmental conservation knowledge, attitudes towards the environment and motivation to maintain the environment are moderate and individually and jointly influence the behavior of the inhabitants. Therefore, they must also be improved.