Content Analysis of Faatee Blessing in Case of Arsi Oromo Peoples

The major Objective of this study was to analyis the content of Eebba Faatee (Fate Blessing) in case of Oromia regional state Westi Arsi Zone. To achieve the paper objectives, qualitative research approach was employed, for it can guide the researcher to collect qualitative data. From the West Arsi Zone, 4 districts were selected purposively. In this manner, 5 elders were selected from each District by using snowball and Purposive sampling technique. Totally, 20 elders were involved in the study from which the data was collected though semi-structured interview and focus group discussion and observation. After that the collected data were carefully transcribed, and analyzed critically according to their aspects. Thus, the result of the study shows that Eebba Faatee (Fate Blessing) has different Contents. From those contents, Eebba Faatee which was said to beg Creator and Creation, Eebba Faatee which was said to wish someone’s strength and to be clone, eebba faatee which was said tokeep their unity and to be Brave (Legend), Eebba Faatee which was said to wish peace, and Eebba Faatee which was said to advise someone.


According to 'Oxford Advanced Dictioary' ,"culture is the customs and beliefs, art way of life and social organization of a particular country or group."
According to this idea, this the same groups have been transferring those culture ftom generations to generation. Oral literature transfer culture, history and the identity of one society from generations to generation. Oral literature has different types. Those are, proverbs or saying, nattarion, songs, riddles, tune, imprecation, blessing, insult and etc. to support this idea, Dandes,(1965:3)"The form of folklores are ;myths ,legends ,folk tales ,jokes ,proverbs ,riddles ,chants ,charms ,blessings ,curses ,oaths ,insults ,retorts ,taunts ,teases ,toasts ,tou ngue twisters ,greeting and etc. so amond those oral culture this paper analysis about the contents of EEbba Faatee (Faatee Blessing) of West Arsi Oromo.
The words Arsii, Arsummaa, Arsoomaa, Arsichaa and Arsittii, they all describe the one who are from Arsi. The word "Arsii" is respected and intense word near Arsii Oromos. Muhaammad (2004:54) said. . "Arsoma is the name of Roots of blood, unity and oath (Promise) of Arsi Oromo. It is the message of great grandfather for the son of Arsi (Sikko and Mando). Generally, near Arsi Oromo the word "Arsii" is the name of Respect, love and Brotherhood.
According to Husseen Badhaasoo (2000:6) Arsewas women (dubarti'i Dandes (2007:15). "Folklore is aword very much like culture it represents a tremendous spectrum of human expression that can be studied in a number of reasons."

Meanings of Oral literature
Oral literature is the types of literature which transmited orally from generations to generation. Sims (2005:13) said, Verbal folklore includes and kind of lore involving words, wether set or music, organized in chronological, storyform, or simpley labeling an acti vity or expressing a belief in a word or phrase. Some of the most recognizable forms of verbal core studied by folklorists are folk song, myths, and folk tales. In Oromo Oral literature it is difficult to desied when and by whom it was started. This characteristic of Oral literature shows that Oral literature is the lore of the society.

The Types of Oral literature
According to Dandes (2007) there are three main types of oral literature. Those are Oral Poem, Narrations and witsism.

Oral Poem
Oral poem is a types of Oral literature which is poeted by the society those who cannot read and write and transmitted from generations to generation. The concepts of Oral poem are very complex. And also Oral Poem transmitted orally from generation to generation. Finnegan (1976:17).

Faatee Blessing (Eebba Faatee)
Before we discuss about Blessing we have to say something about Religion. Because, for the habitation of blessing, the presence of religion is mandatory. Many scholars say about blessing as follows. Oring (1986) says Religious folklore is alense through wich religious experience as well as non-religious experience can be investigated The Free Encyclopedia also says Ablessing is the infusion of some thing with holiness, divine will, or ones hope or approval.

Methodology 3.1. Research Design
Relevant data is important for any research to achieve research Objectives and to answer the research questions. The research is designed a qualitative approach. To collect the necessary and relevant data the researcher was used various methods like interview, group discussion and observation.

Data Sources
Both primary and secondary data are utilized in this research. The primary sources of data were Oromo community living West Arsi in the Shashemene District, Kofale Districs, Arsi Nagele District and Kokosa Districs of the Oromia National Regional State who have different societal status (men, women and the youth and etc).
Whereas, the secondary sources were included official documents and related literatures to enrich the primary data. The information from West Arsi Zoneadministrative personnel and other organizations helped me in this study.

Sampling and Sampling Techniques
Participants were selected through snowball sampling technique and Puposive sampling thechnique. In order to arrive at an in-depth investigation of the Content of Faatee blessing in research areas, representative sample or selection of peoples who are represent the society by their knowledge and skills of Faatee blessing and about the cultures, tradition and about the society were taken from the target population with employing the sampling techniques, preferred for this study. While collecting data, first the researcher asked experts of West Arsi Zone Culture and Tourism Office to inform researcher the locations of the well known elders. Based on that information the researcher selected key informants. Accordingly, researcher selected 20 participants 5from Kofale District, 5 Shashemene district, 5 from Arsi Nagele District and5 from Kokosa Districs. So, that all the necessary data sources were contacted for the qualitative.

Methods of Data Collection
This research used both primary and secondary sources. With regards to collecting the primary data, interviews (structured and semi-structured interviews) and group discussions were used depending on the type of information resercher intended to gather. And observation methods were used for collecting the data on specific issues and research targets the attitude and perception of the target and the existence of supplementary method such as systematic interview was utilized. Ithe researcher prepared a list of questions for all interviewers. However, more questions was asked depending on the rapport between researcher and interviewees. All interviews was conducted in Afan Oromo because it is the local language, researcher and informants speak and did not used the service of translators which is audio taped and translated and transcribed as necessary.

Methods of Data Analysis
In this study, qualitative data analysis methods were employed. The researcher conducted document analysis to get the necessary and reliable information by reviewing the available documents and tried to make a link between different variables regarding to the content Faatee blessing. This method then helpe researcher to cross check and triangulate the data obtained through interview and focus group discussions and observation. So, the qualitative research method is the most selected method that is used in the process of conducting this study. The method is preferred in its ease for analyzing and interpreting non quantitative data that are to be gathered on cultural.

Discussion and Findings of this paper 4.1. Faatee blessing for begging of Creator and creation
West Arsi Oromo People use Faatee blessing for begging their creator and God's creation. "Uumaa'' means the creation of God such as Earth, sky, cow, human being and all living things and non living things. "Uumamaa"means the creator. So West Arsi Oromo People benedicate Creator and God's creation by using Fate Blessing. When they want to beg their Creator and Creation they use the following Fate Blessing.
Waabee gannaa si godhi……………….. Let the creator make you Wabe River of the summer Rasaa dammaa si godhi…………………..let the creator make you the sweet like honey Ejersa gaaraa si godhi ………………………. Let the creator make you the strong tree on the Mountain Kan hinbuqqaane si godhi ……………………….. Let the creator make you the one who are not disappeared or removed The above Faatee blessing said to beg the creator be strong, sweet and wide. They pray to God by using the God's creation like River, Honey, and Mountain. What we have to know is , they didn't beg the creation. By using the creation they beg their God's. As we know river goes very far and wide. So they said this Faatee blessing beg their creator to make them very wide clan and long live society. And also they use honey to bless each other. Honey is very sweet favorite food for Oromo people. So they pray for their speech to be sweet like honey. In addition they also use Mountain to beg their creator. Mountain is very robust and no one can destroy it easly. So they Says Faatee blessing to be strong like Mountain.

Fate Blessing to pray for Unity and Bravery
Gadabi si galchi………………let the creator enter you at the Gadab (green area) Gadaa si hilluuqsis……………let the creator pass you through Gada Waraana qaqeessi……………..let the creator return your war at home Mana qaqaatti si bulchi………..let the creator govern you by the ancient Oromo Culture Tuulaa diinaa buqqis…………… let the creator give you the ability to remove the Pile of the enamy Fardaan si aasis …………………let the creator make you to fight by your horse Lafoo si aasis…………………….let the creator give you the ability to fight by infanry Warra lallabaa si godhi…………let the creator make you the one whose every body preach you Mala si beeksisi……………………let the creator show you the mechanism of all things Oromo people beg and remember their God every time and minutes. They prepared them selves to attach their enemies. To attach their enemies, they work on their unities every day. So to keep their environment and their society they have to have unity and be brave. To have unity and be brave they beg their God by using Faatee blessing. Near west Arsi Oromo "Gadab "is very know and blessed land. Whichi is very comfortable for rearing their cattles and childrens. It is very green area and wide. At winter time every Oromo's whose live in the west arsi zone immigrate to Gadab for their cattles. Because, Gadab had grass and every thing always. That is the reason why west Arsi Oromo people says "let the creator enter you to Gadab". Oromo Peoples are the people who created Gada system and contributed to the world. Accordingly they wish for every body to pass though Gada cycle.

Fate Blessing to pray for Peace
Peace is very important for our world and specifically for Oromo people. For this reason, to secure peace for them and others, West Arsi Oromo people use Faatee blessing as follows. Galtee deegaa si oolchi……………………let the creator rescue you the accident Poverty Galtee beelaa si oolchi…………………….. Let the creator rescue you the accident of Famine Galtee azalaa si oolchi…………………… let the creator rescue you the accident of death Kan roobee tortorsu………………………… let the creator rescue you the accident heavy Rain Kan caamee goggossu………………………….. Let the creator rescue you the Accident of drought Faate blessing also said to wish peace for them selves and for others. They pray to the creator as to rescue them the accident poverty. In addition they beg the creator rescue them and others from accident of famine. Oromo people of West Arsi zone also beg their creator to rescue the selves from accident heavy rain and accident of drought. Generally Oromo people of west Arsi zone bless Faatee blessing on different stages and ritual ceremonies to wish peace for them and for people of the world.
Picture three. The Abba Gada who says Faate Blessing on different stages or ritual ceremony.

Conclusion
Faatee blessing is very know and unique around Arsi Oromo people. This type of Oral literature is said or blessed by elders or by Abba Gadas. Elders and Abba Gadas say this blessing on different stages like ritual ceremonies. This customs of blessing performed at the end or closing of the different ceremony or stages. Arsi Oromo People use this Faatee Blessing to explain the power of Creator. And also it is culture of Arsi Oromo people to beg their creator by using God's creation like Earch, Sky, River, Mountain and etc. additionally, by using Faate blessing Arso Oromo people explains the wishing of growth, clone and strength of somebody. Plus, pray for Unity and Bravery. Likewise, they use Fate Blessing to pray for their Peace and for others. And certainly no one was allowed to talk and do another work during Faatee blessing. The youths also often participate on different stages where Faatee blessing is said on, the learn about society, culture, significant relationships, values and traditions. The youth learned this Faatee blessing at different stages and ceremonies from eldersand thie families. For instance, they grew older and spent more time with elders and participated in different stages and they started to bless Faatee blessing.