Why Society Needs Patriarchy: A Scientific and Social Justification

: This paper proposes the need for the patriarch social construct. The patriarch social construct has been historical and evolutionary. The paper emphasized the need to see through the scientific and social justifications of establishing the patriarchy rather than populism and trend of rejecting it. The paper discussed why patriarch social construct is needed and why failure to adopt such a social construct is harmful and detrimental to the individual, the family, the society and the wider demography. The paper has used extensive sociological and psychological research on gender studies. The obstacle to patriarchy has also been discussed and it has been shown that gender equality is logically and ontologically impossible to achieve. The paper also revealed the irrationality of the bias “affirmative action” policy and implied, why if we can adopt such policy towards matriarchy then why cannot we adopt the rational “affirmative action” policy towards patriarchy? The paper has reached the conclusion based on the sex and gender differences between man and woman. As the patriarch social construct is also an effective solution in avoiding deadlock and rivalry in a relationship and thus preserving long term familial and demographic stability, so future studies must be focused on how to achieve an equitable patriarchy.


Introduction
Patriarchy has been a natural and evolutionary response and design of human social construct. According to evolutionary scientists and theists nature and God, respectively have always provided protective sphere for human existence on earth. Patriarchy has been and is still one of that protective shields, protecting the society, women and children against biological, social and psychological factors. Patriarchy has risen from the inherent differences of the man and woman sex. Historical gender identity has been based on biological realities of human species. This resulted in patriarchy. Can it be said that all those past people were wrong in their social construct? Why cannot we accept rather that they knew the nature of human existence and how it ought to be? Even though men have exploited patriarchy but that does not reject the inherent natural patriarchy construct of humanity as we will establish.
Patriarchy means authority shall be for men in all organizational capacities. Patriarchy also means men will be preferred in employment and in education. It also means men will have guardianship in legally defined areas. Patriarchy can be approached from three major perspectives: political, socio-economic, and familial. Patriarchy in all its levels demands that men are able to decide for and lead, and this means men must have the knowledge, uprightness and sincerity towards the welfare and protection of women as well. Patriarchy is about taking care of women and lessening their burden from various social roles. This also arises from women's fragility and burden of childbirth, childcare, menstruation and duty to husband and the household. The fragility stems from their psychology, biology and cognition as discussed later on. Patriarchy is obligated to protect and care for the woman's mental, physical, spiritual and financial wellbeing, That is failing to do so will lead to genuine prolonged harm in mind and body of the female. So patriarchy is simply an evolutionary protective social role and social construct.
One may find this perspective of patriarchy sexist and label all sorts of negative terms against patriarchy and it's proponents but are not we using the irrational affirmative action policy towards matriarchy when we should use this same policy towards patriarchy because as the paper shows, patriarchy is rational.

Method
The paper is not based on empirical study as the scope of a single empirical study is very limited, rather it uses a systematic analysis of previous empirical studies relating to sex and gender. It has attempted to exhaustively gather available empirical research to answer a specific question "Why Society Needs Patriarchy?"

Result
The systematic analysis of the literature has found significant sex and gender differences. Such differences imply the following: a) Authority shall be for men in all organizational capacities, that men will be preferred in employment and in education and men will have guardianship in legally defined areas b) Patriarchy must take care of the woman's mental, physical, spiritual and financial wellbeing and lessen their burden from various social roles.

Sex and Gender
There is no doubt that there is a significant difference between sex and gender, but such difference does not necessarily validate gender redefinition. While biology is what determines our sex, gender determines our sexuality, behavior and attitude. The disagreement however arises if sex is the causality of gender because if that is true then definitely gender studies will be based on essential differences rather that equality. What is sex? Sex refers to the anatomical and other biological differences between females and males that are determined at the moment of conception and develop in the womb and throughout childhood and adolescence. Females, of course, have two X chromosomes, while males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. From this basic genetic difference spring other biological differences. The first to appear are the different genitals that boys and girls develop in the womb and that the doctor (or midwife) and parents look for when a baby is born. The genitalia are called primary sex characteristics, while the other differences that develop during puberty are called secondary sex characteristics and stem from hormonal differences between the two sexes. In this difficult period of adolescents' lives, boys generally acquire deeper voices, more body hair, and more muscles from their flowing testosterone. Girls develop breasts and wider hips and begin menstruating as nature prepares them for possible pregnancy and childbirth. These basic biological 1 differences between 1 Lower levels of psychological explanation are more closely tied to biological influences, such as genes, neurons, neurotransmitters, and hormones, whereas the middle levels of explanation refer to the abilities and characteristics of individual people, and the highest levels of explanation relate to social groups, the sexes have affected the historical perceptions of what it means to be female or male, and continue to shape gender studies, laws and rights.
Gender can be formed by social engineering that is how people are affected by their society, social surroundings and social interactions. Historically sex has defined the gender roles and perception and that formed Femininity which refers to the cultural expectations we have of girls and women, while masculinity which refers to the expectations we have of boys and men. Why history has devised and formed such an attitude? It returns to the psychology and biology of the sexes as we will see. What we traditionally mean by femininity is captured in the adjectives, both positive and negative, we traditionally ascribe to women: gentle, sensitive, nurturing, delicate, graceful, cooperative, decorative, dependent, emotional, passive, and weak. Thus, when we say that a girl or woman is very feminine, we have some combination of these traits, usually the positive ones, in mind: she is soft, dainty, pretty, even a bit flighty. What we traditionally mean by masculinity is captured in the adjectives, again both positive and negative, our society traditionally ascribes to men: strong, assertive, brave, active, independent, intelligent, competitive, insensitive, unemotional, and aggressive. When we say that a boy or man is very masculine, we have some combination of these traits in mind: he is tough, strong, and assertive. This difference in psychology and biology is meant to create, maintain and perfect bonding and synergism of gender mating, cooperation and roles.
Even though we have two sexes by natural design, and many will call it Divine design yet still our contemporary society has created various gender identities. This is sociological and cultural engineering rather that biology or nature itself. We have today heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual and trans. After all these differences still two main biological sexes remain with two separate psychological and biological identities. These identities have defined gender roles for centuries until recently Feminism has started to redefine what it means to be a man or a woman. What are these two separate psychological and biological identities? These have been known by humanity for millennia, but modern science has put them in scientific conclusions.

Sex and Gender Differences
The inherent sex-based differences between man and woman can be summed up in the following analysis. Men have stronger muscle, bone, toughness and leadership 2 organizations, and cultures (Cacioppo, Berntson, Sheridan, & McClintock, 2000). In early human evolutionary phases biology played a large role in defining gender because social engineering like today was minimal or almost non-existent. So to say patriarchy and gender roles were defined by culture and sociology will be wrong.
2 Leadership is about inspiring others, taking tough decisions, taking intelligent and rational decisions, it's about managing and deciding on important aspects of people's lives such as finance, health, jobs, economy, legal issues and judgements, wars, peace etc. Leadership is not only about simply running an office and few people's daily paper works. Leadership thus needs all the qualities of men behavior due to higher testosterone hormone, which explains why men also have a culturally, among other things, universal tendency to be more physically aggressive and violent than women and value principles of justice and rights [1,2] while girls and women tend to focus more on issues of caring, helping, and connecting with others than do boys and men [3] and value caring for and helping others [4]. Women have more fat, weak muscle and bone. This biological feature conforms to their psychological construct which is women are "emotional," women are, on average, more empathic and attuned to the emotions of others than are men [5]. This is fine-tuned with their role of housewife and motherhood. Also, women become more vulnerable to diseases and health related threats when pregnant.
One reason for men to be like this is, simply the evolutionary design to protect their female sex mates and to preserve genes and reproductive opportunities, and for the female to be more attached and dependent to their mating partners and children. These facts also enhanced by the stress response mechanism of men and women. Men are more likely than are women to respond to stress by activating the fight-or-flight response while women are more likely to take a tend-and-befriend response [6]. Men's approach is about protection and defense of the family while women's approach is more about care of the family and children. This Divinely evolutionary design creates and promotes an atmosphere of family and patriarchal society.
Before mating occurs, close relationship is attained. For men they prefer beauty and looks of women while for women they prefer income and social status of men, so women idealize being thin and yet are unable to reach the standard that they prefer to look attractive [7]. Men desire for polygamy while women prefer staying long term with their men [8]. Many religions including specially Islam, due to its in-depth laws of family, thus prescribed polygamy as a response to man's evolutionary disposition.
A woman prioritizes giving time to their children which is with one man rather than many children from different men. This shows women are more likely than men to help in situations that involve long-term nurturance and caring, particularly within close relationships such as being a housewife and housewife mother. Men are more concerned than women about sexual infidelities of their partners, whereas women are relatively more concerned about emotional infidelities of their partners [9]. This shows men like their women's sexual loyalty while women their men's emotional (romantic and loving) loyalty.
The occurrence of psychological disorders, including depression, is substantially higher for women than for men [10,11]. These cognitive impedances are also corroboration of female cognitive lacking in terms of intellectual development and scientific aptitude. This has been corroborated by the president of Harvard University, specially that of rights and justice as we saw which are priorities of men, while the women are more suited to position of care and friendly interaction under men's leadership.
Lawrence H. Summers who. based on the scholarly work assembled, stated women could be less genetically capable of performing science and mathematics due to genetics [12]. Although society may not want to hear it, [such] differences between men and women may be in part genetically determined, perhaps by differences in brain lateralization or by hormones [13,14]. The fact that human cerebral cortex has differences in structure and function based on sex difference [15] and that the cortex plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness definitely results in differences in male and female psychology and cognition.
A gland in the endocrine system is made up of groups of cells that function to secrete hormones and a hormone is a chemical that moves throughout the body to help regulate emotions and behaviors. Because the glands in men and women differ, hormones also help explain some of the psychological differences between men and women. Also, the sex hormones, testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, play an important role in sex differences and thus their psychology and cognition.
Men do not have a vulnerability period like women during pregnancy and women who are experiencing menopause, along with a reduction in estrogen, frequently report memory difficulties [16]. This cognitive impedance can be disastrous in critical social roles such as those which need leadership, judgement skills and mental strength.
Women are more likely to express their emotions in public [17], and are more accurate and articulate in reporting the feelings of others [18]. This is also corroborated by the way genders present themselves. Men are more likely to present themselves in an assertive way, by speaking and interrupting others, by visually focusing on the other person when they are speaking, and by leaning their bodies into the conversation. Women, on the other hand, are more likely to be modest-they tend to create status by laughing and smiling, and by reacting more positively to the statements of others [19]. This shows men are more towards independence through leadership while women towards dependence through friendliness, group harmony and preventing disagreement. So, women are naturally more interested in socializing, friendliness and obedience, and one revelation of these in western culture is revealing their beauties and being sexually open. This is why religious morals such as those found in Islam and Judaism have restricted gender mixing and prescribed morals for both sexes so that socializing, friendliness and feminine obedience may not lead to free sex practice.

Some Other Women Biological Features
1) Brain activation differs in response to negative emotions [20]. 2) Data suggest that the greater strength of the men due primarily to larger fibers [21]. 3) Females grow to a certain extent and then switch to reproductive mode, investing in fat production rather than making muscle and bone [22]. 4) Health effects of alcohol abuse and alcoholism (when someone shows signs of addiction to alcohol) are more serious in women [23,24]. 5) Women are more likely to die following a heart attack than men are [25,26]. Note that this says unequal treatment as if women are discriminated. This is a false perception. First it suggests vast number of doctors are being negligent and medically unethical against women. Second women might have been getting different treatment or absence thereof due to being female as they may be vulnerable to such treatments due to pregnancy or other factors.
1) Women are more likely to show signs of depression and anxiety than men are [27].
2) The effect of STDs/STIs on women can be more serious than on men [28]. 3) Women are more likely than men are to experience urinary tract problems [29].

Some Other Women Psychological Features
1) Experience more guilt [30].

Are the Sex Differences Significant
These biological, psychological and cognitive differences are scientifically established, and scientists do not disagree on these but some say the differences are statistically small, while others say the cumulative differences are huge. This is also enforced by the theory that evolutionary theory provides reasons to expect reliable sex differences in personality, cognition and behavior [44,45] and the statistical multivariate ES indices which states when statistical differences are measured on multidimensional constructs, multivariate indices will almost invariably produce larger estimates of the statistical distance between Sex differences [46]. What this means is, overall, there is a large statistical sex-based difference between man and woman which will also result in practical differences. Even if we hold that the sex differences between man and woman are statistically small still we have a problem of the butterfly effect. This concept of small difference making huge impact is called the butterfly effect. It describes the fact that small, barely perceptible difference can have a big, non-linear impact on a complex system. Human society is a complex system and proposing equality of sexes without considering their differences in biology, psychology and cognition have undoubtedly affected the human society is a disastrous way.

The Consequences of Sex Differences
Given these essential differences between the sexes historical gender roles have been also different rather than equal. For example, historically women have bear and nursed children. Women have been also gentler and nurturing than men, being the primary caretakers of children. Women are therefore much better suited than men to take care of children once they are born, and that the family might be harmed if mothers work outside the home or if fathers are the primary caretakers. This historical reality of gender roles based on biological and psychological differences have been validated and defended by many evolutionary scientists. In prehistoric societies, few social roles existed. A major role centered on relieving hunger by hunting or gathering food. The other major role centered on bearing and nursing children. Because only women could perform this role, they were also the primary caretakers for children for several years after birth. And because women were frequently pregnant, their roles as mothers confined them to the home for most of their adulthood. Meanwhile, men were better suited than women for hunting because they were stronger and quicker than women. In prehistoric societies, then, biology was indeed destiny: for biological reasons, men in effect worked outside the home (hunted), while women stayed at home with their children. This shows nature and many people will say God has defined the inherent roles of the genders because of their biology and psychology. This in turn implies that existing gender inequality must continue because it is rooted in biology. Some sociologists say gender roles are not biological rather cultural and sociological but why it had been so for millennia if inherency and naturality were not the deciding factors of gender roles? Why patriarchy was accepted and embraced even by women for millennia until recently?

The Intensive Benefits of Patriarchy
Patriarchy will also provide ample relaxation and satisfaction to the women, marriage, family and demography. Let us start with the matrimonial benefits. The household needs looking after. People today will take this as offensive and ask is the wife a slave rather than is the wife caring? The caring and responsible wife will always ensure her household is in order. The husband is the financier in Islam as designated by evolutionary patriarchy. A working husband returning to an organized household will only increase his appreciation and love to the wife. It will increase his happiness and thus productivity in the workplace. The career seeking feminist wife however will be detrimental to this peace and happiness. The time and finances invested in children create stress, which frequently results in decreased marital satisfaction due to the feminist career seeking wife trying to give time to both children and her career. A feminist career seeking marriage will have less happiness than a housewife marriage. The parameters of happiness constitute more in the latter than in the former such as more intimacy, closeness and more emotion as stress free career-less wife is able to give greater attention and care towards the working husband than a feminist career seeking wife. The two parameters that differ between a working house and a nuclear family are time and focus. In a nuclear family the wife has the opportunity to give more time and focus to the husband and the household which has the higher potential to increase familial attachment and closeness between the husband and wife. The career seeking feminist wife adds stress and workload to the family as she may bring her work, directives and deadlines in home and affect the matrimonial relationship reducing the time and focus for the family. For example if a working husband becomes free from work the housewife is available and free for him and this may not be true for a career seeking feminist as she still might be busy and not have time for the free husband and so as the career seeking husband and wife become detached, they may form other emotional relationships in the workplaces leading to sex out of wedlock and resulting in relational friction and gradually divorce. Socio welfare program must support low income patriarchs so their families can be taken care of and wives need not be a career seeker. This is a supportive and protective patriarch protocol.
Patriarchy also provides opportunity for child growth and mother-child bonding. The development of the child is far more important than the development of the woman's career. The child has many aspects of development: physiological, behavioral, cognitive, and social. These aspects need to be guided by the environment and no better environment than the one created by the housewife mother as explained further below. An important part of child development is the attainment of social skills, including the formation of the self-concept and attachment. No other than the housewife mother can fashion these best. The detachment that results from upbringing by maids or nannies have a great negative effect in parental-child relationship late in life. Most developmental psychologists believe that socialization is primary, arguing that a child becomes securely attached when the mother is available and able to meet the needs of the child in a responsive and appropriate manner, but that the insecure styles occur when the mother is insensitive and responds inconsistently to the child's needs.
So, the conditioning process which the housewife mother can best provide to the child is due to instinct, intimacy, devotion and closeness with her children. Conditioning is evolutionary beneficial because it allows organisms, even human child, to develop expectations that help them prepare for both good and bad events. The Islamic housewife must take this great opportunity and fashion Islamic children by God conscience and mentality of Islamic independence and self-determination.
Also due to prolonged and focused companionship of the housewife mother with her children positive reinforcement is achieved better which is to strengthen a response by presenting something pleasant after the response as well as negative reinforcement which is to strengthen a response by reducing or removing something unpleasant. For example, giving a child praise for completing his homework represents positive reinforcement. It improves child's cognitive and other psychological features and enhances parental bond through genuine feedback. The housewife mother wife also achieves discipline and punishment better than any other individual, which refers to any event that weakens or reduces the likelihood of a behavior. Positive punishment weakens a response by presenting something unpleasant after the response, whereas negative punishment weakens a response by reducing or removing something pleasant. A child who is grounded after fighting with a sibling (positive punishment) or who loses out on the opportunity to go to recess after getting a poor grade (negative punishment) is less likely to repeat these behaviors. So, the housewife can be the best teacher of her children by enhancing observational learning. Observational learning occurs by viewing the behaviors of others. The child will always focus on the mother's behavior rather than a stranger's when picking up a value or skill.
The housewife mother's prolonged involvement with her children enhances their episodic memories of parental bond and care which they repay with emotional currency later in life as the children recall these events from their long-term memory. This long-term commitment and companionship to her children also enhances their implicit memories such as learning skills and values of life. These are most needed for a Muslim child from her Islamic housewife mother. All these childhood events will move to long term memory of the child depending on how much time, focus and devotion the mother gives, and these are best achieved by being a housewife mother.
Children who are not exposed to language early in their lives will likely never learn one. This is why the role of the housewife mother is most crucial in child development and communication because of the child's natural inherent adaptiveness to the mother tongue.
So, we see parenting is time consuming and emotionally taxing, and the parents must work together to create a relationship in which both mother and father contribute to the household tasks and support each other. Evolutionary knowledge and religious guidance of Islam tells us this has been done by a working father and a housewife mother which is the best collaborative model for the family and children.
The patriarchy also creates platform and opportunity of husband-wife bonding. It is also important for the parents to invest time in their own intimacy, as happy parents are more likely to stay together, and divorce has a profoundly negative impact on children, particularly during and immediately after the divorce. This is best fulfilled by the housewife mother. The housewife mother is a comfort and solace to her husband relieving him from stress of work and to her children because the best antidote of the stress is happiness which the housewife mother emanates. The stress of the career seeking woman is thus extremely detrimental to this balance as stress may evoke negative emotions and distract her from family duties. Also, the female sex responds differently to stress than male sex as she tries to handle stress through extending relationship and friendship. This is best needed in the family setting rather than workplace or career as she will be distracted in making other possible sexual and emotional relationships. The housewife mother is also free to choose her daily activities and thus less constrained than the "working career seeking" feminists, so the housewife mother has more potential to be happy and relaxed.
Housewife's spiritual emotional and physical investments in her husband, children and the community allow her to age better and enjoy her late adulthood as social and family bonds remain strong and devoted. Depression, stress, loneliness and relational detachment become highly unlikely because of her prolonged companionship, intimacy attention and points of focus are different than the feminist.
Housewife acts as a catalyst to husband's productivity and devotion towards the family. The working man returns home and finds a ready wife waiting to greet him and shower him with all the energy she has left in her which is highly unlikely in a career seeking feminist who may even not be there at home until late at night so the housewife acts as a solace and comfort to the working man thereby resulting in him a work life balance.
Patriarchy also creates demographic, moral and socioeconomic benefits. The patriarch protected housewife has a greater fertility because she is ready and have more time to reproduce than a career seeking woman. This increases population growth of a nation and social responsibility. The age of the housewife is best for human reproduction as women grow old her fertility ceases unlike men. The housewife does not act as a sexual distraction by her free mixing in employment. She rather acts as a booster of attention and focus for the employed man as he is not distracted by her sexual display. As housewives are not taking the jobs then more men can enter employment, start a family and become independent. Economic, social and romantic activities increase and as a whole social health increases.

The Obstacle
Modern feminism has threatened historical gender identity and role. It wants to separate biology from gender identity and wants to have total freedom in redefining gender. This is dangerous and contradictory to nature and natural selection according to many people. Feminism, to restructure historical gender identity and roles has adopted policy of discrimination called Affirmative action. Affirmative action refers to the preferential treatment of minorities and women in employment and education. This is reverse discrimination and, as such, is both illegal and immoral. The people benefiting from affirmative action can be less qualified than many of the men with whom they compete for employment and college admissions.
Historical patriarchy never practiced affirmative action. If you look at it closely patriarchy never practiced affirmative action. How so when women were rarely qualified, let alone more qualified than men, as they were not allowed education or to develop skills? If they were would patriarchy ever materialized?
So, my question to the feminists is when will you stop aggression in the name of equality? When equality is achieved? But there will never be a situation when we can calculate accurately and continuously 50-50 for man and woman in every job and role category. It's impossible and there will be always imbalance due to social variables, skills, birth rates and other demographic factors, so feminism is an eternal war against men, social hierarchy and harmony. God's nature thus created a model of man woman coexistence and this is patriarchy, but modern feminism is truly after matriarchy [47] in guise of equality because they know equality is never possible. As an example, first feminism demanded political participation and when men allowed them this, they started complaining about few women in politics and gradually pushed for unjust criminal affirmative policy.

Conclusion
Patriarchy has risen from the inherent differences of the man and woman sex. Patriarchy means authority shall be for men in all organizational capacities, that men will be preferred in employment and in education and men will have guardianship in legally defined areas. Patriarchy must take care of the woman's mental, physical, spiritual and financial wellbeing and lessen their burden from various social roles.
The rationale of the need for patriarchy arises from significant sex and gender differences between man and woman. Given these essential differences between the sexes historical gender roles have been also different rather than equal. The intensive benefits of patriarchy are providing ample relaxation and satisfaction to the women, marriage, family and demography.
The obstacle to rationale patriarchy is feminism which has started to redefine what it means to be a man or a woman. Modern feminism has threatened historical gender identity and role. It wants to separate biology from gender identity and wants to have total freedom in redefining gender. Feminist pursuit of equality is irrational as there will never be a situation when we can calculate accurately and continuously 50-50 for man and woman in every job and role category. It's impossible and there will be always imbalance due to social variables, skills, birth rates and other demographic factors.
Nature designed the two opposite sexes to complement each other in a hierarchical social construct of patriarchy, not to compete on rivalry, but selfish egoistic humanity and their irrationality may at the end pay a cumulative price in the forms of moral, social, environmental, political, economic and health disasters to name a few, then it will be too late for them to turn back. The most rational thing to do is design our society on the basis of established sex differences which is best achieved through patriarchy. Future studies must propose how can we achieve an equitable patriarchy so that inequities and injustice are minimized and mechanism to deal with such when arises is established.

Recommendations
Feminist irrational fear against man is leading feminist hostility against him and society's rejection of patriarchy. Even though patriarchy has been abused just like any religion or ideology this does not mean it needs to be rejected. Therefore, in order to realize the rational patriarchy future studies must focus on how to achieve an equitable patriarchy.